![]() ![]() Regional anatomy is the study of the interrelationships of all of the structures in a specific body region, such as the abdomen. (credit a: “WriterHound”/Wikimedia Commons credit b: Micrograph provided by the Regents of University of Michigan Medical School © 2012)Īnatomists take two general approaches to the study of the body’s structures: regional and systemic. This is a micrograph of nerve cells from the brain. (b) Microscopic anatomy can deal with the same structures, though at a different scale. (a) Gross anatomy considers large structures such as the brain. As the technology of microscopes has advanced, anatomists have been able to observe smaller and smaller structures of the body, from slices of large structures like the heart, to the three-dimensional structures of large molecules in the body. ![]() Microscopic anatomy includes cytology, the study of cells and histology, the study of tissues. In contrast, micro– means “small,” and microscopic anatomy is the study of structures that can be observed only with the use of a microscope or other magnification devices (Figure 1 b). Macro– means “large,” thus, gross anatomy is also referred to as macroscopic anatomy. Gross anatomy is the study of the larger structures of the body, those visible without the aid of magnification (Figure 1 a). Like most scientific disciplines, anatomy has areas of specialization. These techniques allow clinicians to visualize structures inside the living body such as a cancerous tumor or a fractured bone. In order to observe structures in living people, however, a number of imaging techniques have been developed. Dissection is still used in medical schools, anatomy courses, and in pathology labs. When a body is dissected, its structures are cut apart in order to observe their physical attributes and their relationships to one another. Later, physicians were allowed to dissect bodies of the dead to augment their knowledge. The word “anatomy” comes from a Greek root that means “to cut apart.” Human anatomy was first studied by observing the exterior of the body and observing the wounds of soldiers and other injuries. Other larger structures can readily be seen, manipulated, measured, and weighed. ![]() Some of these structures are very small and can only be observed and analyzed with the assistance of a microscope. Human anatomy is the scientific study of the body’s structures. Discuss the fundamental relationship between anatomy and physiology.Compare and contrast anatomy and physiology, including their specializations and methods of study.Know of an OER not listed here? Submit your suggestion.\) ![]() It explains basic concepts of pharmacology and describes common medication classes.įormats: Pressbooks WebBook, EPUB, PDF, and Open Document Suggested for: PHA3112 Clinical Pharmacology This open-access Nursing Pharmacology textbook is designed for entry-level undergraduate nursing students. Includes: Quiz files, flowcharts, and lecture slides Suggested for: ANP 1105 Human Anatomy and Physiology I ANP 1106 Human Anatomy and Physiology II ANP 1107 Human Anatomy and Physiology III This is a comprehensive text covering topics ranging from the human body organ systems, immunology, human development, reproduction, nutrition, metabolism, disorders and ageing of organ systems. Reviews: Open Textbook Library – eCampusOntario Open Library – BCcampus Suggested for: ANP 1105 Human Anatomy and Physiology I ANP 1106 Human Anatomy and Physiology II ANP 1107 Human Anatomy and Physiology III Includes: Key terms, review questions, and critical thinking questions The lucid text, strategically constructed art, inspiring career features, and links to external learning tools address the critical teaching and learning challenges in the course.įormats: Online and PDF online LibreTexts version A&P is 29 chapters of pedagogically effective learning content, organized by body system, and written at an audience-appropriate level. Gordon Betts (Tyler Junior College), Peter DeSaix (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill), and Eddie Johnson (Central Oregon Community College) (OpenStax)Īnatomy and Physiology is a dynamic textbook for the yearlong Human Anatomy and Physiology course taught at most two- and four-year colleges and universities to students majoring in nursing and allied health. 23 Nursing Anatomy and Physiology (ANP) Anatomy and Physiology∗ ![]()
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